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The femoral and anal scutes were larger in male tortoises, and serve as a stronger base during mating. Females had a larger plastron than males this may have been supported by fecundity selection, because a large plastron suggests more volume in which to store eggs. In addition, abdominal, femoral and anal scutes on the plastron and the ratio of femoral to pectoral suture lengths were important for the sex distinction.
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Sexes were discriminated based on geometric morphometry, and plastron shape was a better indicator than carapace shape. For the geometric morphometry, 17 female and 23 male Hermann's tortoises were collected and photographed from the hills and mountains around the Tirana district of Albania between August and October 2019. Therefore, the aim of this study was to use indirect and non-invasive methods such as geometric morphometric analysis to determine the sex of adult tortoises. Female and male adult tortoises look different, but these differences can be difficult to distinguish in captivity or when their sex indicators are deformed or injured. Gender determination is one of the crucial elements in determining the population dynamics in all species.
GREEN TURTLE MANUAL
Straight measurements were taken using manual callipers with an accuracy range of 0.1 mm and curved measurements were taken using a plastic tape measure: straight carapace length (SCL) straight carapace width (SCW) curved carapace length (CCL) curved carapace width (CCW) forelimb length (FLL the maximum forelimb length from the point of the humerus to the end of the forelimb when held flat with light finger pressure) hind limb length (HLL the maximum hindlimb length from the point of the femur to end of hindlimb when held flat with light finger pressure) head length (HL) head width (HW) head circumference (HC) total tail length (TTL) length between the cloaca and the end of the tail (CETL) length between the end of the plastron and cloaca (PCL) and body depth (BD the maximum body depth between the first vertebral scute and the plastron).Įastern Hermann's tortoise (Testudo hermanni boettgeri) is a subspecies of Hermann's tortoise (Testudo hermanni) found in Albania. First, 13 morphometric and 7 meristic characters from the dead hatchlings were taken ( Figure 2). carcasses of hatchlings without decomposition were chosen in the field and then transferred to a laboratory for gonad analysis and morphological data collection.